Nationality by descent (grandchildren law)

Overview

Nationality by descent allows children and grandchildren of Spaniards to opt or acquire citizenship under the Democratic Memory Law and other Civil Code routes. Proof of lineage, genealogical documents and route-specific deadlines apply.

Legal framework

Immigration is governed by Organic Law 4/2000, RD 557/2011 and implementing rules. Autonomous communities process but do not change substantive state requirements.

Who may apply

Nationality by descent (grandchildren law) requires meeting residence, family ties, means or tests depending on the route. Verify your case with official sources.

Typical documents

Passport, EX or Civil Registry forms, criminal records, empadronamiento, insurance or means and fees where applicable.

Where to apply

Foreigners Office, National Police station, Spanish consulate or electronic portal depending on procedure and whether you are in Spain or abroad.

Editorial update

This resource on Nationality by descent (grandchildren law) was reviewed in August 2026. Check BOE and Ministry of Inclusion before acting.

Step by step

1. Identify applicable route (option, democratic memory, etc.).
2. Gather apostilled genealogical certificates.
3. Translate foreign documents if required.
4. Submit at Civil Registry or consulate.
5. Respond to requirements until resolution.

Requirements

• Proof of link to Spanish national of origin.
• Birth and marriage certificates in chain.
• Clean criminal record.
• Documentation per route (democratic memory, etc.).
• Application within legal deadline.